Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali
Uhlobo ngalunye lwegrisi yokuthambisa ineempawu eziqhelekileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ukubonisa umgangatho wemveliso. Kwizinto zokuthambisa, ezi zinto zibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zezi zilandelayo:
(1) Ukuxinana
Ukuxinana yeyona nto ilula kwaye ixhaphakileyo isetyenziselwa ukusebenza komzimba kwizithambisi. Ubuninzi beoyile yokuthambisa iyanda ngokunyuka kwenani lekhabhoni, ioksijini, kunye nesalfure ekwakhiweni kwayo. Ke ngoko, phantsi kwe-viscosity efanayo okanye ubungakanani beemolekyuli ezifanayo, uxinizelelo lweoyile yokuthambisa eneehydrocarbon ezinamakha ngakumbi kunye neentsini kunye ne-asphaltenes Eyona inkulu, inee-cycloalkanes ezininzi embindini, kwaye incinci ine-alkanes ezininzi.
(2) Inkangeleko (chromaticity)
Umbala weoyile uhlala ubonakalisa ukucoceka kunye nozinzo. Kwioyile esisiseko, kokukhona iqondo lokucokiswa liphezulu, ukucoca i-hydrocarbon oxides kunye ne-sulfide kuyasuswa, kwaye umbala ukhaphukhaphu. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba iimeko zokucoca ziyafana, umbala kunye nokucaca kweoyile yesiseko eveliswe kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yeoyile kunye neoyile ekrwada isiseko inokwahluka.
Kwizithambiso ezintsha ezigqityiweyo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezongezo, umbala njengesalathiso sokugweba inqanaba lokucokiswa kweoyile yesiseko ilahlekelwe yintsingiselo yentsusa
(3) isalathiso seViscosity
Isalathiso seViscosity sibonisa inqanaba lokutshintsha kwe-viscosity yeoyile ngamaqondo obushushu. Ukunyuka kwesalathiso se-viscosity, kokukhona i-viscosity yeoyile ichaphazeleka bubushushu, kokukhona ukusebenza kwayo kubushushu be-viscosity, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo
(4) I-viscosis
I-viscosity ibonisa ukungqubana kwangaphakathi kweoyile, kwaye sisalathiso seoyile kunye nokuntywila. Ngaphandle kwazo naziphi na izongezo ezisebenzayo, kokukhona i-viscosity inkulu, kokukhona iphakama amandla eefilimu zeoyile, kwaye kokukhona ukubi kubi.
(5) Inqaku leFlash
Inqaku lesibane sisalathiso sokonyuka kweoyile. Kulula ukuba liqhezu leoyile, kokukhona linyuka ngumphunga kwaye lisezantsi iflash yayo. Ngokuchaseneyo, ubunzima beqhezu leoyile, kokungaphantsi komphunga, kunye nokuphakama kwendawo yokukhanya. Kwangelo xesha, i-flash point sisalathiso sengozi yomlilo yeemveliso zepetroleum. Amanqanaba obungozi eemveliso zeoyile ahlelwa ngokwamanqaku azo. Indawo yokudanyaza ingaphantsi kwe-45 ℃ njengemveliso enokutsha, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-45 ℃ yimveliso enokutsha. Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukufudumeza ioyile kubushushu bayo ngexesha lokugcinwa kweoyile kunye nokuhamba. Kwimeko ye-viscosity efanayo, indawo ephezulu ye-flash, ngcono. Ke ngoko, umsebenzisi kufuneka akhethe ngokweqondo lobushushu kunye neemeko zokusebenza zesithambisi xa ukhetha igrisi. Kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba indawo ebengezelayo ingama-20 ~ 30 ℃ ngaphezulu kunobushushu obusebenzayo, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngoxolo lwengqondo.
Ixesha leposi: Dec-25-2020